Intel Desktop CPU Buyers Guide
The CPU or processor acts as the brain of a PC or workstation, controlling almost all functions. Intel manufactures a wide range of CPUs designed for use in everything from entry-level PCs and high performance PCs for gamers, through to professional workstations and servers.
To simplify this vast array of CPUs, Intel has given each of these ranges a name – Core, Pentium and Celeron, Xeon W and Xeon, with some further divided into sub families designated by a number - 9, 7, 5 and 3. This guide focuses on CPUs for desktop PCs and workstations, with a separate guide for INTEL XEON SERVER CPUS.

Intel Core CPUs are optimised for gaming, office applications and mid-level content creation workloads
Intel Pentium and Celeron CPUs are optimised for basic tasks such as web browsing and typical office applications.

INTEL XEON W CPUS are optimised for demanding workstation workflows such as graphics, video and data analysis.
INTEL XEON CPUS are optimised for demanding 24/7 server operations including graphics, video and data analysis.
Over the years Intel has released new generations of CPUs using this naming scheme. You can spot the generation either as 14th, 13th and so forth or more recently by Series 2, Series 1 and so on.